绥美凯怎么服用？

It is a compound preparation. Each tablet contains 50 mg of dolutegravir sodium (calculated as dolutegravir), 600 mg of abacavir sulfate (calculated as abacavir) and 300 mg of lamivudine. It is suitable for the treatment of adults and adolescents over 12 years old (with a weight of at least 40kg) infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among them, dolutegravir can inhibit HIV integrase by binding to the active site of integrase and blocking the strand transfer step of reverse transcription deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integration (a key step in the HIV replication cycle). 

For adults and adolescents, the recommended dose of Dolutegra is one tablet, taken by mouth once daily. Adults or adolescents whose body weight is less than 40 kg should not be given this product because this product is a fixed-dose tablet and the dose cannot be reduced. Dolutegravir is a fixed-dose tablet and should not be used in patients requiring dose adjustments. If discontinuation or dose adjustment of one of the active ingredients is required, separate formulations of dolutegravir, abacavir, or lamivudine may be used. In these circumstances, physicians should refer to the respective product information for these medicines. 

Data on the use of dolutegravir in pregnant women are limited or non-existent. The effects of dolutegravir on human pregnancy are unknown. Regarding the coadministration of abacavir and lamivudine in pregnant women, there is a limited amount of data indicating no teratogenic toxicity (more than 400 results from first-trimester exposure). Regarding lamivudine, extensive data (more than 3000 results from first-trimester exposure) indicate no teratogenic toxicity. Regarding abacavir, a certain amount of data (more than 600 results from first-trimester exposure) suggests no teratogenic toxicity. In animal reproductive toxicity studies, dolutegravir was found to cross the placenta. Animal studies have not shown any direct or indirect harmful effects in terms of reproductive toxicity. Abacavir and lamivudine may inhibit cellular DNA replication, and abacavir has been shown to be carcinogenic in animal models. The clinical significance of these results is unclear. Dolutegra should be used during pregnancy only if the expected benefits outweigh the risks to the fetus. If a patient co-infected with hepatitis B virus is receiving lamivudine-containing medicines, such as Dolutegra, and subsequently becomes pregnant, the possibility of recurrence of hepatitis should be considered when discontinuing lamivudine. Nucleosides and nucleoside analogs have been shown to cause varying degrees of mitochondrial damage in vitro and in vivo. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported in HIV-negative infants exposed to nucleoside analogues in utero and/or postnatally. It is unclear whether dolutegravir is secreted into human milk. Existing animal toxicology data shows that dolutegravir can be secreted into milk. Lactating rats received 50 mg/kg dolutegravir orally on day 10 postpartum. The concentration of dolutegravir detected in milk is usually higher than that in blood. Abacavir and its metabolites are excreted into the milk of lactating rats. Abacavir is also excreted in human milk. Based on data from more than 200 mother/child pairs receiving HIV treatment, serum concentrations of lamivudine in infants breastfed by mothers receiving HIV treatment are extremely low (less than 4% of maternal serum concentrations) and tend to decrease gradually, reaching undetectable levels by the time the infant reaches 24 weeks of age. No safety data are available for infants younger than 3 months of age receiving abacavir and lamivudine. It is recommended that HIV-infected women should not breastfeed their infants under any circumstances to avoid transmitting HIV. There are no data on the effects of dolutegravir, abacavir, or lamivudine on male or female fertility. Animal studies have shown that dolutegravir, abacavir, or lamivudine has no effect on male or female fertility. 

The above is the standard answer on how to take Doptabalamid Tablets. Special attention should be paid to its use in special groups.