非布司他的适应症有哪些？

It is a tablet and is an anti-gout medicine. Febuxostat has a significant inhibitory effect on both oxidized and reduced XOR, so its uric acid-lowering effect is more powerful and lasting. Therefore, febuxostat can be used to treat chronic hyperuricemia in gout. 

Gout occurs due to excessive production of uric acid in the body and reduced kidney clearance ability. Uric acid accumulates in the body, leading to the deposition of urate crystals in joints and various organs. Therefore, the usual treatment for gout is to promote uric acid excretion and inhibit uric acid production, and take appropriate measures to improve related symptoms. The production of uric acid in the body is related to purine metabolism. In the final step of purine metabolism, hypoxanthine generates xanthine under the action of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), and then further generates uric acid. Inhibiting the activity of this enzyme can effectively reduce the production of uric acid. Febuxostat is the latest XOR inhibitor developed in the world. It acts highly selectively on this oxidase to reduce the synthesis of uric acid in the body and lower the concentration of uric acid, thereby effectively treating gout. 

For 30 years, allopurinol has been the only clinical drug used to inhibit the production of uric acid. It has been widely used clinically as a gold treatment drug for gout and has achieved good results in the treatment of gout. Compared with allopurine, febuxostat has obvious advantages: allopurinol only inhibits the reduced XOR, while febuxostat has a significant inhibitory effect on both oxidized and reduced XOR, so its effect of reducing uric acid is more powerful and lasting; because allopurinol is a purine analogue, it inevitably affects the activities of other enzymes involved in purine and pyridine metabolism. Therefore, repeated high-dose administration is required to maintain high drug levels during allopurinol treatment. This also leads to serious or even fatal adverse reactions due to drug accumulation. Febuxostat is a non-purine XOR inhibitor and therefore has a better safety profile. 

  Through clinical trials, it can be concluded that the use of febuxostat in the treatment of gout has significant efficacy, the patient's condition is significantly improved, and the side effects are mild, generally tolerable, and can basically disappear on their own after stopping the drug. It can be said to be the best choice for gout patients.