改善耐药困局，来法莫林(Xenleta)为社区获得性肺炎提供抗菌新利器

Xenleta is an innovative antibacterial drug approved in the United States in 2019 and is suitable for adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

Efficacy and role of Xenleta

1. Main indications

It is mainly used to treat adult community-acquired bacterial pneumonia caused by specific sensitive bacteria. It exerts bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.

2. Mechanism of action

As a pleuromutilin antibacterial drug, lefamoren can specifically bind to specific parts of bacterial ribosomes, thereby preventing bacteria from synthesizing proteins necessary for life activities, ultimately leading to bacterial death.

3. Antibacterial spectrum

Lefamoren has good activity against common pathogens of CABP, including:

(1) Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

(2) Gram-negative bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae.

(3) Atypical pathogens: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila.

The pictures come from public channels (such as the official website of the FDA, the official website of the original drug manufacturer, etc.) and are for reference only.

Usage and dosage of Xenleta

1. Standard dosage regimen

Oral tablet: 600mg, once every 12 hours, treatment course for 5 days.

2. Dose adjustment in patients with liver damage

Not recommended for patients with moderate or severe liver damage.

3. Taking time

It must be taken on an empty stomach at least 1 hour before a meal or at least 2 hours after a meal. The whole tablet needs to be taken with enough water and cannot be crushed or broken.

4. Treatment of missed doses

If you miss a dose, you should take it as soon as possible more than 8 hours before the next dose; if it is less than 8 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next dose directly as planned.

Adverse reactions of Lefamoren (Xenleta)

1. Common adverse reactions

According to clinical trial data, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥2%) of Lefamoren oral tablets include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and elevated liver enzymes.

2. Serious adverse reactions

(1) QT interval prolongation: This drug may prolong the QT interval of the electrocardiogram and increase the risk of serious arrhythmia. Concomitant use with other drugs that can significantly prolong the QT interval is prohibited, and use should be avoided in patients with inherent risks of QT prolongation or arrhythmia.

(2) Embryo-fetal toxicity: Animal experiments show that Lefamolin may cause harm to the fetus. Women of childbearing age should confirm that they are not pregnant before taking the drug, and take effective contraceptive measures during treatment and within 2 days after the last dose.

(3) Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: Almost all antibacterial drugs may cause this disease, ranging from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. If diarrhea occurs during or after using this product, seek medical attention immediately.

Special population use of Xenleta

1. Lactating women

It is recommended to suspend breastfeeding during medication and within 2 days after the last dose, and pump and discard the milk.

2. Children and the elderly

The safety and effectiveness for patients under 18 years of age have not yet been established. Elderly patients do not need to adjust the dosage, but the incidence of adverse reactions is similar to that of younger patients.