狄诺塞麦详细说明书

That is denosumab. The following is the instructions for denosumab compiled by Medical Companion Brigade.

Generic name: denosumab

Product name: Xgeva

Other names: Denosumab, Denosumab, Xgeva, Denosumab

Indications:

(1) Bone metastasis from solid tumors: It is suitable for preventing bone-related events in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. (2) Important limitations of use: Not suitable for prevention of bone-related events in patients with multiple myeloma. 

Mechanism of action: Denosumab is the first approved monoclonal antibody that specifically targets RANK ligand. RANK ligand is a transmembrane or soluble protein that is necessary for osteoclasts to maintain their structure, function, and survival. Denosumab has a high affinity with RANKL, preventing RANK ligand from activating RANK on the surface of osteoclasts, inhibiting osteoclast activation and development, reducing bone resorption, increasing bone density and bone strength of both cortical bone and trabecular bone, promoting bone reconstruction, and reducing the incidence of vertebral, non-vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

Usage and dosage:

Inject 120 mg subcutaneously into the upper arm, upper thigh, or abdomen every 4 weeks to give calcium and vitamin D when needed to treat or prevent hypocalcemia. 

Things to note:

Hypocalcemia must be corrected before denosumab therapy can be initiated. For patients who are prone to hypocalcemia and mineral metabolism imbalance (such as those with a history of hypoparathyroidism, thyroid surgery, parathyroid surgery, malnutrition, small bowel resection, severe renal insufficiency), clinical monitoring of creatinine and mineral levels is required, and such patients should be instructed to pay attention to the symptoms of hypocalcemia and to supplement adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D. Patients who are concurrently taking immunosuppressants or have compromised immune systems may be at increased risk of serious infections, and physicians need to fully consider the benefit-risk ratio before prescribing denosumab to such patients. Physicians should evaluate the need to continue denosumab therapy in patients who develop serious infections while taking denosumab. Osteonecrosis of the jaw often occurs with tooth extraction and local infection that delays healing. A routine oral examination should be performed before starting denosumab treatment, and good oral hygiene should be maintained after treatment is started. If a patient develops osteonecrosis of the jaw, treatment for osteonecrosis of the jaw may worsen the condition, and discontinuation of the medication should be considered at this time. 

Contraindications: allergies, hypocalcemia

Adverse Reactions: The most common adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 25% per patient) in receiving patients were fatigue/asthenia, hypophosphatemia, and nausea.