盐酸缬更昔洛韦片治疗CMV视网膜炎效果如何？

How effective is the treatment of CMV retinitis? Valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets were developed by the Swiss company Roche and are used to treat patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) combined with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and to prevent CMV infection in high-risk solid organ transplant patients.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the increased use of valamciclovir hydrochloride in adult kidney transplant patients at high risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. The supplemental approval is based on data that longer-term prophylactic treatment with valamciclovir hydrochloride reduced the incidence of CMV disease in high-risk adult kidney transplant patients from 36.8% (for patients treated for 100 days) to 16.8% (for patients treated for 200 days) one year after receiving a kidney transplant) (p <0.0001).1.2 The overall safety profile of valamciclovir hydrochloride does not change when prophylaxis is extended in high-risk renal transplant patients.

  The antiviral effect of valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets has been clinically confirmed by treating AIDS patients with newly diagnosed retinitis (clinical study WV15376). After 4 weeks of treatment with valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets, the detection rate of CMV virus decreased from 46% (32/69) to 7% (4/55).

Clinical studies of valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets in AIDS patients infected with CMV retinitis have shown that valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets and intravenous ganciclovir are equally effective in the induction treatment of CMV retinitis.

In the study, patients with newly diagnosed CMV retinitis were randomly assigned to the valganciclovir hydrochloride tablet group or the intravenous ganciclovir group for induction therapy. The proportion of patients with progression of CMV retinitis at week 4 was the same in both groups. After induction therapy, both groups of patients in the study continued to receive maintenance therapy with valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets 900 mg per day. Among patients who received induction therapy with valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets or intravenous ganciclovir followed by maintenance therapy, the mean (median) time from randomization to progression of CMV retinitis was: 226 (160) days and 219 (125) days.