吉维诺司他的副作用如何缓解

Givenostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Although the drug has shown positive results in slowing the progression of the disease, some patients may experience varying degrees of side effects. This article mainly introduces the common side effects, relief methods and medication courses of givenostat to help patients and their families better manage the treatment process.

Side effects of givenostat

The side effects vary depending on individual constitution, dosage and health status. Some patients may experience little or no discomfort, while others may experience mild or more significant adverse effects. Patients should pay close attention to physical changes during medication and review regularly so that doctors can adjust medication according to specific conditions.

Common adverse reactions

The most common adverse reactions of givenostat include diarrhea, abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, hypertriglyceridemia and fever. Among them, the incidence of diarrhea is relatively high, and about half of patients may experience mild to moderate symptoms. Thrombocytopenia may lead to an increased risk of bleeding, and regular blood routine monitoring is required. Hypertriglyceridemia may be asymptomatic but needs to be monitored with blood tests.

Other reactions

In addition to the common side effects mentioned above, some patients may experience myalgia, rash, joint pain, fatigue, constipation and loss of appetite. These symptoms are usually mild, but if they persist or worsen, you should seek medical advice promptly to adjust your treatment plan.

Understanding the side effects of givenostat can help patients and family members prepare for the situation in advance and take timely intervention measures when abnormalities occur.

How to alleviate the side effects of giverinostat

For the side effects of giverinostat, the symptoms can be alleviated and the patient's tolerance can be improved by adjusting the medication method, symptomatic treatment and lifestyle intervention.

Relief of gastrointestinal adverse reactions

Diarrhea and abdominal pain are common gastrointestinal side effects of givenostat. Patients are advised to take the medication with meals to reduce irritation to the gastrointestinal tract. If moderate or severe diarrhea occurs, consider using antidiarrheal drugs and supplementing with adequate fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. For nausea and vomiting, take antiemetics as directed by your doctor and avoid greasy or spicy foods.

Intervention of blood and metabolic abnormalities

Patients with thrombocytopenia need to regularly monitor blood routine. If the platelet count is lower than 150×10⁹/L, medication should be suspended until recovery. Patients with hypertriglyceridemia need to adjust their diet, reduce the intake of high-fat foods, and adjust drug dosage under the guidance of a doctor if necessary.

Management of fever and other symptoms

Fever is usually a transient low-grade fever that can be relieved by physical cooling or appropriate use of antipyretics. If you develop rash or joint pain, ask your doctor if you need to adjust the dose or use anti-allergy medication.

With reasonable intervention measures, most side effects can be effectively controlled, allowing patients to successfully complete treatment.

Givenostat’s medication regimen

Givinostat’s medication regimen needs to be individually adjusted based on the patient’s weight, tolerance and disease progression, and monitoring requirements must be strictly followed.

Recommended Dosage and Adjustment

The dose of givenostat is calculated based on patient weight and is taken orally twice daily with meals. If adverse reactions such as thrombocytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, or QT interval prolongation occur, the dose must be adjusted promptly or the medication must be suspended.

Monitoring and long-term management

Baseline platelet count and triglyceride levels need to be obtained before treatment and reviewed regularly during treatment. Monitor blood cell counts every 2 weeks for the first 2 months and then every 3 months. For patients with a history of heart disease or who are taking QT-prolonging drugs, regular electrocardiograms are required.

Continuation and termination of treatment course

Givenostat’s long-term efficacy data show that it can delay the deterioration of motor function in DMD patients, but continuous medication is required to maintain the effect. If the side effects are intolerable or the disease progresses rapidly, the doctor may adjust the treatment plan or change the drug.

Patients need to maintain close communication with their doctors and provide timely feedback on their medication status.