Filgrastim

Generic name: Filgrastim

Trade name: Leucostim

All names: Recombinant human leukopenin, Bituxi, filgrastim prefilled syringe, Filgrastim, Leucostim, Nivestim

Indications:

Mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells into peripheral blood;

Promoting the increase in neutrophil count during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation;

neutropenia caused by cancer chemotherapy;

Interference with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Neutropenia in the treatment of infections;

Neutropenia associated with myelodysplastic syndromes;

Neutropenia associated with aplastic anemia;

Congenital/idiopathic neutropenia;

Enhanced antitumor effects of dinutuximab (genetic recombination) in neuroblastoma.

Usage and dosage:

(1) For the treatment of congenital or idiopathic neutropenia caused by chemotherapy: subcutaneous injection, 50 μg/m2 once a day, or intravenous infusion, 0.1 μg/m2 once a day, once a day.

(2) Acute leukemia: intravenous infusion, 0.2 mg/m2 once a day.

(3) For bone marrow transplantation: intravenous infusion, 0.3 mg/m2 once a day. This product is generally started within 2-5 days after bone marrow transplantation.

Specifications:

0.5ml prefilled syringe/pack of 5

Adverse reactions:

1. Skin: Rash and redness occasionally occur.

2. Liver: Sometimes there is an increase in S-GOT and SGPT.

3. Digestive organs: Nausea and vomiting sometimes occur.

4. Muscular and skeletal systems: bone pain, and sometimes low back pain, chest pain, and joint pain.

5. Others: Sometimes it causes increased Alp and LDH, fever, headache, fatigue, palpitations, increased uric acid and increased Creatinine in serum.

Contraindications:

1. Patients who have allergic reactions to this agent or other granular ball direct formation stimulating factor preparations.

2. Patients with myeloid leukemia who have not very reduced blastema in the bone marrow and patients with myeloid leukemia who can see blastema in the peripheral blood.

Notes:

1. The administration of this agent is limited to patients with neutrophil deficiency.

2. During the injection of this dose, blood must be checked regularly, and special attention must be paid not to increase the number of neutrophils (white blood cells) above the necessary number. If the amount has increased beyond the necessary level, appropriate measures to reduce or discontinue the medication must be taken.

3. In order to prevent allergic reactions, sufficient consultation is required before use, and a skin reaction test should be performed in advance if necessary.

4. Neutrophilic leukemia patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy must be administered chemotherapy preparations first; before injecting this agent, administration of this agent before chemotherapy should be avoided.

5. It is known that in cases of myelodysplastic syndrome accompanied by an increase in budding balls, there is a risk of metastasis to myeloid leukemia. Therefore, when using this agent, cells should be sampled first to confirm that there is no increase in bud balls through in vitro testing.

6. When administering this agent to patients with acute myeloid leukemia (for chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation), cells should be sampled first and confirmed by in vitro tests. Whether the number of leukemia cells stimulated by this agent increases, and regular blood tests and bone marrow examinations are required. If there is an increase in budding balls, the medication needs to be discontinued.

7. When children use this medicine, they should be fully observed and used with caution.

Storage:

Drugs should be placed in a refrigerator at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius (do not freeze); if they deteriorate or expire, they cannot be reused.

Mechanism of action:

This agent will specifically bind to the receptors present on neutrophil precursor cells to mature neutrophil cells. It will promote the differentiation and proliferation of neutrophil precursor cells, and it is estimated that it will enhance the function of mature neutrophils.

Safety and efficacy:

This pivotal trial of filgrastim enrolled a total of 348 women with advanced breast cancer who were treated with paclitaxel and doxorubicin. They were randomly assigned to receive G-CSF, placebo, or another G-CSF treatment that is not marketed in the United States. Patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia treated with tbo-filgrastim had a mean recovery time of 1.1 days compared with 3.8 days in the placebo group. In addition, 680 patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, or non-Hodgkin lymphoma participated in the safety evaluation of the drug. These patients all received high-dose myelosuppressive chemotherapy. The most common side effect of this drug is bone pain.