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Currently, the incidence of thrombotic diseases is extremely high, and it has a high disability and death rate. Rivaroxaban is a small molecule oral anticoagulant jointly developed by Bayer and Johnson & Johnson, with the trade name Xarelto. Rivaroxaban is a representative drug of FXa inhibitors. When will rivaroxaban be available?

It obtained marketing approval in Canada and the European Union on September 15 and October 1, 2008 respectively. Rivaroxaban tablets were approved for marketing by the State Food and Drug Administration in March 2009. Approved by the FDA on July 1, 2011, the drug is used to prevent deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing knee or hip replacement surgery.

Rivaroxaban is a highly selective, oral drug that directly inhibits factor xa. By inhibiting factor xa, the endogenous and exogenous pathways of the coagulation cascade can be interrupted, and the generation of thrombin and thrombosis can be inhibited. Rivaroxaban does not inhibit thrombin and has no proven effect on platelets. A dose-dependent inhibition of factor xa activity by rivaroxaban has been observed in humans.

Common adverse reactions of rivaroxaban include nausea, increased GGT and increased aminotransferases. Adverse effects should be explained in the context of surgery. Due to its pharmacological mode of action, rivaroxaban may cause an increased risk of latent or overt bleeding in some tissues or organs, possibly resulting in posthemorrhagic anemia. The signs, symptoms, and severity of bleeding (including possible fatal consequences) will vary depending on the location, extent, or extent of the bleeding. The risk of bleeding may be increased in certain patient groups, such as patients with uncontrolled severe arterial hypertension and/or patients receiving concomitant medications that affect hemostasis. Hemorrhagic complications may manifest as weakness, weakness, pallor, dizziness, headache, or unexplained swelling. Therefore, the possibility of bleeding should be considered when evaluating patients taking anticoagulants.