阿哌沙班片属于哪类药？

Belongs to anticoagulants

Anticoagulants are drugs that can inhibit blood coagulation or inhibit blood coagulation activity. They are widely used in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases in clinical practice.

Apixaban tablets are non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants. It is a new type of anticoagulant that can prolong prothrombin time, inhibit thrombosis, and prevent arterial and venous thrombosis, such as preventing venous thrombosis after elective hip or knee replacement.

Clinical effects of apixaban tablets

Study purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Study results: Of 49,900 eligible VTE patients, 18,618 were new users of apixaban and 18,618 were new users of rivaroxaban. The median follow-up time was 102 days in the apixaban group and 105 days in the rivaroxaban group. After propensity score matching, apixaban had lower VTE recurrence and bleeding rates than rivaroxaban.

Compared with rivaroxaban, apixaban reduced the absolute probability of VTE recurrence by 0.006 within 2 months after treatment and by 0.011 within 6 months after treatment. The absolute probability of reducing gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding within 2 months of starting treatment with apixaban compared with rivaroxaban was 0.011.

VTE patients who are new users of apixaban have lower VTE recurrence and bleeding rates than patients who are new users of rivaroxaban. The incidence of severe bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding with apixaban is lower, and the efficacy is not reduced.

apixaban tablets

1. Blood and lymphatic system abnormalities: such as anemia and thrombocytopenia.

2. Vascular abnormalities: such as bleeding and hypotension.

3. Gastrointestinal abnormalities: mainly including nausea, gastrointestinal bleeding, blood in the stool, and rectal bleeding.

4. Hepatobiliary abnormalities: such as elevated alanine aminotransferase, elevated aspartate aminotransferase, elevated γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, elevated blood alkaline phosphatase levels, and elevated blood bilirubin levels.

Apixaban tablet overdose

Apixaban tablets are 2.5 mg twice daily. Overdosage of apixaban will increase the risk of bleeding. If bleeding complications occur, the drug should be stopped immediately and appropriate treatment measures should be taken, such as surgical hemostasis, fresh plasma transfusion, etc.

Giving activated charcoal within 3 hours of taking apixaban can reduce the exposure dose of apixaban. Therefore, the use of activated carbon can be considered for excessive use of apixaban.

When the above treatment measures cannot effectively control bleeding, you can also choose to apply prothrombin concentrate complexes (PCCs) or recombinant factor VIIa, and the dose should be adjusted according to the improvement of bleeding.

References:

Dawwas GK, Leonard CE, Lewis JD, Cuker A. Risk for Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding With Apixaban Compared With Rivaroxaban: An Analysis of Real-World Data. Ann Intern Med. 2022 Jan;175(1):20-28. doi: 10.7326/M21-0717. Epub 2021 Dec 7. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med. 2022 Nov;175(11):1627-1628. PMID: 34871048.

Recommended related articles: