吉法匹生片的副作用如何缓解

Gefapixant is the world's first selective P2X3 receptor antagonist, jointly developed by Merck of the United States and Kyorin Pharmaceuticals of Japan. It is used to treat refractory chronic cough in adults. As an innovative antitussive drug, it works by blocking the P2X3 receptor of the airway vagus nerve, but it is also accompanied by specific adverse reactions. This article will systematically analyze the common side effects, targeted mitigation measures, and contraindications for use of Gemfapixin tablets, and provide guidance for rational clinical use of drugs.

Side effects of Gemfapixin tablets

A variety of adverse reactions may occur during treatment, and these reactions are mainly related to the selective inhibition of P2X3 receptors by the drug.

Disturbance of taste

The incidence of incomplete taste, loss of taste or hypogeusia is high, which is the most typical side effect of Gefapixin tablets. These symptoms are directly related to the drug's effect on the P2X3 receptors in the glossopharynx, and usually appear early in the medication.

Digestive system reactions

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and dry mouth are relatively common, and some patients may experience upper abdominal pain, indigestion or excessive salivation. These reactions are usually mild to moderate and are related to the drug's effects on the nerves in the gastrointestinal tract.

Other system reactions

A small number of patients may experience dizziness, loss of appetite or upper respiratory tract infection. The paradoxical phenomenon of cough aggravation has occasionally been reported, which may be related to the initial adjustment of the cough reflex by the drug.

Understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of these side effects will help to take targeted mitigation measures.

How to alleviate the side effects of Gemfapisene Tablets

A variety of effective mitigation strategies can be adopted to improve patients' medication compliance.

Management of dysgeusia

It is recommended that patients take medication with meals, as food can reduce dysgeusia. Using zinc supplements may improve symptoms, but in severe cases, temporary dose reduction may be considered. In most patients, abnormal taste sensation will gradually lessen after 2-4 weeks of continuous medication.

Coping with digestive system symptoms

Eat small amounts in portions and avoid taking medication on an empty stomach. Light antiemetics can be used in conjunction with severe nausea. Stay well hydrated and use oral moisturizer when necessary to relieve dry mouth symptoms.

Management of systemic reactions

Patients with dizziness should avoid sudden changes in body position. When appetite decreases, the diet structure can be adjusted and more nutrient-dense foods can be added. Monitor changes in cough frequency and evaluate whether to continue medication if symptoms worsen.

Taking these targeted measures can effectively improve patient experience and enhance treatment continuity.

Contraindications of Gefapisheng Tablets

The use of Gefapisheng Tablets in some specific cases may bring serious risks, and the contraindication standards need to be strictly followed.

Absolute contraindications

Contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh class C). It is prohibited for those who are allergic to drug ingredients. It is contraindicated in pregnant women as animal studies have shown that the drug can cross the placenta.

Relative contraindications

Patients with end-stage renal disease should use it with caution. Breastfeeding women should weigh the pros and cons and suspend breastfeeding if necessary. Safety for children under 18 years of age has not been established and use is not recommended.

Special Precautions

Elderly patients need to evaluate renal function and adjust the dose if necessary. People allergic to sulfa drugs may be at risk of cross-allergy. Avoid concomitant use with strong P-gp inhibitors.

Strictly following these contraindications can avoid the occurrence of serious adverse reactions.