盐酸缬更昔洛韦片服用说明

Developed by the Swiss company Roche, it is an oral anti-cytomegalovirus infection drug. Valganciclovir hydrochloride is also the prodrug of ganciclovir. It is an active ganciclovir valine ester. After oral administration, it can be rapidly hydrolyzed into ganciclovir by phosphatase in intestinal and liver cells. Its antiviral spectrum and mechanism of action are similar to ganciclovir, but its bioavailability is significantly higher than that of ganciclovir. Its oral bioavailability is 62.4%, which is 10 times that of ganciclovir, while its toxicity is greatly reduced.

Adult patients should use valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets rather than valganciclovir hydrochloride oral solution. Oral solutions and tablets should be taken with food. Valganciclovir hydrochloride tablets should not be broken or crushed. Before dispensing the medication to the patient, the pharmacist must prepare an oral solution (50 mg/ml) with valganciclovir hydrochloride.

Treatment of induction of cytomegalovirus retinitis: The recommended dose is 900 mg (two 450 mg tablets) twice daily for 21 days. Maintenance: After induction therapy, or in adult patients with inactive cytomegalovirus retinitis, the recommended dose is 900 mg orally once daily.

Prophylaxis of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pediatric Heart Transplant Patients: For pediatric heart transplant patients 1 month to 16 years of age, a once-daily mg dose (7 × BSA (bovine serum albumin) × CrCl (creatinine clearance)) is recommended starting within 10 days after transplantation and continuing until day 100 after transplantation.

Use with caution in patients with myelosuppression, cytopenias, or patients receiving myelosuppressive drugs/radiation. Monitor CBC and platelet counts at baseline and frequently during treatment, especially in infants and patients with renal impairment, patients with prior drug-induced leukopenia, and patients with neutrophil counts <1000 cells/mm3 at the start of treatment.

The tablet should not be used by patients who have an allergic reaction to valganciclovir, ganciclovir or any other component of the medicine. Acute renal failure may occur during treatment, ensure adequate hydration, and use with caution in patients receiving concomitant nephrotoxic drugs.