培美替尼治胆管癌吗,有什么副作用？

Pemetinib can be used to treat intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that is inoperable, has metastasized or is locally advanced. If the above drug indications occur, the patient can be treated under the guidance of a doctor.

Patients may experience side effects such as fatigue, constipation, stomach pain, nausea, and aphtha during medication.

Treat cholangiocarcinoma

Biliary tract tumors are a diverse and aggressive malignancy with low chance of cure and high mortality. Current first-line treatments only extend median overall survival to approximately 1 year and are associated with significant adverse events. In recent years, advances in gene sequencing technology have opened up new avenues for targeted therapy.

A subgroup of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas is characterized by FGFR family mutations and, more commonly, gene fusions of FGFR2. Based on the results of the FIGHT-202 trial, the US FDA approved the FGFR inhibitor pemigatinib in April 2020 for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 rearrangement, opening the way for targeted therapy of this disease.

In cholangiocarcinoma, approximately 10%-15% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas have FGFR2 alterations. Pemigatinib, an FGFR1-4 inhibitor, has been shown to significantly extend the second-line survival of patients with FGFR2 fusions to more than 20 months.

pemetinib

The median age of patients treated with pemetinib was 59 years (range, 26-78 years), and 58% were women. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 45% of patients. During treatment, ≥2% of adverse reactions include abdominal pain, fever, cholangitis, pleural effusion, acute kidney injury, infectious cholangitis, hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, small bowel obstruction, and urinary tract infection. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.1% of patients, including bile duct obstruction, cholangitis, sepsis, and luminal effusion.

Other adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, dry mouth, myalgia, onychomycosis, blurred vision, etc. 9% of patients treated with pemetinib permanently discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions, and adverse reactions requiring permanent discontinuation in ≥1% of patients included intestinal obstruction and renal impairment.

Therefore, patients should pay attention to the adverse reactions of drugs when taking medications, and seek medical treatment promptly if symptoms of discomfort occur. If you have a drainage tube, you need to pay more attention to the hygiene of the drainage port to keep it clean and dry.

References

Walden D, Eslinger C, Bekaii-Saab T. Pemigatinib for adults with previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2022 Aug 6;15:17562848221115317. doi: 10.1177/17562848221115317. PMID: 35967919; PMCID: PMC9364186.