培美替尼:靶向治疗胆管癌的新药

Introduction: Pemetinib, developed by Incyte Biopharmaceutical Company in the United States, is an orally active selective inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) that can be used to target cholangiocarcinoma. Pemetinib has potential advantages in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. One study showed that the disease control rate (DCR) of pemetinib in patients with previously treated advanced cholangiocarcinoma was as high as 82%.

The target of pemetinib

The target for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, specifically targeting subtypes 1, 2 and 3 in the FGFR family. Pemetinib has strong inhibitory activity against FGFR3, FGFR2, FGFR4, and FGFR1. Pemetinib works by blocking FGFR2 in tumor cells to prevent them from growing and spreading.

Indications

Pemetinib is used in adults who have already had treatment to treat a certain type of cholangiocarcinoma that has spread to nearby tissue or other parts of the body and cannot be removed with surgery. Pemetinib is also used in adults to treat certain types of myeloid/lymphoid tumors that do not improve or come back after other treatments.

Pharmacological effects

Pemetinib is a targeted therapy drug called a kinase inhibitor, which is a small molecule drug. Pemetinib works by blocking the activity of the abnormal FGFR2 protein, which signals cancer cells to divide. This prevents cancer cells from growing and may kill them. It may also prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow.

Dosage

Pemetinib is an oral tablet. For the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, it is usually taken once daily with food or on an empty stomach during the first 14 days of a 21-day cycle. The cycle can be repeated as recommended by your doctor. For the treatment of myeloid/lymphoid tumors, it is usually taken once daily with or without food. Patients are advised to take pemetinib at approximately the same time each day. Pemetinib tablets need to be swallowed whole and do not split, chew or crush them.

Dietary taboos

Do not eat a large amount of grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice when taking pemetinib, to avoid the components interacting with pemetinib, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing the efficacy. In addition, you should also pay attention to avoid eating foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal tract, such as chili peppers, spicy hotpots, barbecues, etc., and choose a diet that is easy to digest and nutritionally balanced.