What is the effectiveness of the orphan drug Sparsentan in the treatment of IgA nephropathy?

Sparsentan has a relatively significant effect in treating IgA nephropathy and is inherently known as an orphan drug.

The efficacy of sparsentan in the treatment of IgA nephropathy

Endothelin type A receptor antagonists can reduce TRM cell responses by interfering with IL-15 signaling, thereby exploring their new pharmacological functions. Mechanistically, Sparsentan inhibits Ang II or endothelin-1 (ET-1)-mediated IL-15 signaling, thereby further regulating the fate of renal CD8+ TRM cells.

Taken together, we provide direct evidence for the critical role of renal CD8+ TRM cells in podocyte injury and further confirm that targeting TRM cells represents a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with glomerular diseases.

In a global, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, active-controlled clinical trial, the safety and efficacy of spaxentan and irbesartan were evaluated in 404 patients with IgAN aged 18 years and above.

The results showed that after 36 weeks of treatment, patients receiving sparsentan had an average reduction in proteinuria of 49.8% from baseline, while patients receiving irbesartan had an average reduction in proteinuria of 15.1% from baseline. Sparsentan has shown good efficacy in the treatment of IgA nephropathy.

Drugs or foods contraindicated with Sparsentan

1. Sparsentan cannot be used in combination with ARB, ERA or aliskiren to avoid increasing the risk of hypotension and causing syncope, hyperkalemia and changes in renal function.

2. Avoid combined use with strong CYP3A inhibitors. If the use of a strong CYP3A inhibitor cannot be avoided, spaxentan therapy should be interrupted.

3. Avoid using nephrotoxic drugs.

4. It is forbidden to drink alcohol while taking Sparsentan to avoid affecting the recovery of the condition.

Patients should follow the doctor's instructions for a sufficient dosage and a sufficient course of treatment, and should not stop taking the medicine or increase or decrease the dosage without permission to avoid disease progression or adverse reactions.

Patients should follow the doctor's instructions for regular review, usually once a month in the first 6 months, and then every 1-3 months according to the condition or the doctor's request. During the follow-up period, blood pressure, urine routine, urine protein quantification, blood routine, renal function, etc. need to be regularly monitored to understand the recovery of the condition.

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