Diazoxide (Diazoxide) Chinese instructions

【Indications】

Diazoxide is a drug used for a variety of diseases, mainly in the following conditions:

1. Hypertensive emergencies: Diazoxide may be used to treat hypertensive crises, such as acute hypertension caused by toxemia of pregnancy or cerebral haemorrhage.

2. Insulinoma: For patients with insulinoma, diazoxide can be used to control hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin secretion.

【Mechanism of action】

The main mechanisms of action of diazoxide include:

1. Vasodilation: Diazoxide can dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscles.

2. Inhibit insulin secretion: It can reduce the release of insulin by acting on the mechanism of insulin secretion, thereby controlling hypoglycemia caused by insulinoma.

【Pharmacology】

The pharmacological characteristics of diazoxide include:

1. Absorption: Diazoxide is usually administered orally and is absorbed rapidly and fully.

2. Distribution: It is distributed in various tissues in the body, including the heart, kidneys, and blood vessel walls.

3. Metabolism and excretion: Diazoxide is excreted in the form of metabolites after metabolism in the liver, mainly through urine.

【Dosage and Usage】

The specific dosage and usage should be determined according to the patient's condition and the doctor's recommendations. General usage is as follows:

1. Hypertensive emergencies: The initial dose is usually300mg, which can be gradually increased as needed. The injection dose is determined based on the patient's specific condition and blood pressure level.

2. Insulinoma: The dosage is usually 3-8mg/kg of body weight per day, divided into 2-3 times.

【Side effects】

Diazoxide may cause some side effects, including:

1. Hypotension: May cause hypotension due to its vasodilatory effect.

2. Hyperglycemia: In some cases, diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia, especially with long-term use or at high doses.

3. Nausea and vomiting: Some patients may experience digestive system discomfort.

4. Eedema: May cause swelling.

【Warnings and Precautions】

Be aware of the following warnings and precautions when using diazoxide:

1. Hypotension: Patients should monitor their blood pressure regularly during medication to ensure that severe hypotension does not occur.

2. Blood glucose monitoring: For patients with insulinoma, blood glucose levels need to be monitored closely to avoid the occurrence of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.

3. Renal function: Patients with impaired renal function need to be cautious when using diazoxide as it may cause fluid retention.

4. Pregnancy and lactation: For pregnant or lactating women, it should be used under the guidance of a doctor and the pros and cons should be carefully considered.

【Contraindications】

Contraindications to diazoxide include:

1. Allergy to drugs: It is prohibited for patients who are allergic to diazoxide or its components.

2. Hypotension: It should not be used by patients with obvious hypotension.

3. Renal insufficiency: Patients with severe renal insufficiency should avoid use.

【Drug Interaction】

Diazoxide may interact with other medications, including:

1. Diuretics: Use with diuretics may increase urinary excretion, leading to a decrease in blood volume.

2. Antihypertensive drugs: When used together with other antihypertensive drugs, it may cause an excessive drop in blood pressure.

3. Insulin: Concurrent use with insulin may cause hyperglycemia.

【Drug use for special groups】

For special groups, such as elderly patients, children and pregnant women, the use of diazoxide needs to be carefully considered based on the specific situation, and usually requires the guidance of a doctor.

【Listing and price】

Diazoxide oral medicine has not yet been launched in China. Injections have been launched in China, but are not covered by medical insurance. Patients with oral preparations cannot purchase them domestically. They need to purchase diazoxide capsules through foreign channels. For the price of injections, please consult the local hospital pharmacy. There are original and generic drugs for diazoxide in foreign countries. The oral original drugs are mainly German original drugs, and the price is more than 2,000 yuan; diazoxide injections are mainly American original drugs, and the price is about 5,000 to 6,000 yuan. Oral generic drugs are mainly Bangladeshi generic drugs, and the price is about more than 1,000 yuan. There are no generic drugs for injections, and the ingredients of the original drugs and generic drugs are basically the same.

In short, diazoxide is a drug used to treat hypertensive emergencies and diseases such as insulinoma. Its usage and dosage need to be determined based on the patient's specific situation and the doctor's recommendation. When using, patients should pay close attention to side effects and warnings and follow their doctor's recommendations to ensure safe and effective treatment. If you have any concerns or discomfort, you should consult your doctor promptly.