Is acotinib/acalabrutinib immune or targeted?

Acalabrutinib/ Acalabrutinib is a targeted drug that belongs to a class of drugs called Bruton kinase inhibitors (BTK). Acotinib is a new experimental anti-cancer drug and second-generation BTK inhibitor developed by Acerta Pharma. Bruton's kinase is a key signaling molecule involved in regulating the B cell receptor signaling pathway. Acotinib blocks the proliferation and survival of cancer cells by specifically inhibiting the activity of Bruton kinase.

Acotinib is structurally related to the first type of BTK inhibitor ibrutinib (ibrutinib). It covalently binds to Cys481 and exhibits higher selectivity and inhibitory activity against BTK. Acotinib is mainly used to treat B-cell lymphoma, especially mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). It can be used alone or in combination with other medications. Acotinib has shown high efficacy and safety in the treatment of cancer.

In in vitro signaling assays using primary human CLL cells, acotinib inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of downstream targets of ERK, IKB, and AKT, but had no inhibitory effect on the kinase activity of ITK, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB4, JAK3, BLK, FGR, FYN, HCK, LCK, LYN, SRC, and YES1 (IC50 was much higher or had little inhibitory effect). Compared with traditional chemotherapy drugs, acotinib has a more precise therapeutic effect. It can selectively interfere with the signaling pathways within tumor cells and reduce damage to normal cells. This makes acotinib less toxic during treatment and can provide longer use of the drug.