Analysis of anti-tumor effects and potential side effects of lenvatinib/lenvatinib

Lenvatinib/Lenvatinib (Lenvatinib) is a potent small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It can effectively inhibit a variety of receptors closely related to tumor angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR1-3), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1-4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα), and stem cell factor receptor (KIT). By inhibiting these receptors, lenvatinib has demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects in multiple clinical trials.

In multiple clinical studies around the world, lenvatinib has demonstrated its tumor shrinkage efficacy in a variety of cancer types, including thyroid cancer, endometrial cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since 2015, it was first approved for the treatment of locally recurrent or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer that has not responded to radioactive iodine therapy. Subsequently, the combination of lenvatinib and everolimus was used to treat patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma who had already received one anti-angiogenic therapy. The drug is also approved in the U.S. and EU for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are inoperable for surgical resection and who have not received oral or injectable therapies. Lenvatinib in combination with pembrolizumab is also approved to treat endometrial cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has worsened.

However, although lenvatinib brings significant clinical benefits to patients, some adverse events may occur during use, such as hypertension, fatigue, proteinuria, nausea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. These side effects may have a negative impact on patients' quality of life and may affect their compliance with treatment. Therefore, when using lenvatinib, doctors need to closely monitor the patient's response and make dose adjustments based on actual conditions to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.