服用雷洛昔芬的使用注意事项是什么？

It is mainly used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and can significantly reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures.

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1. It can only be used by women 2 years after menopause.

2. Raloxifene is not suitable for male patients. The effects of raloxifene on the ability to drive and operate machinery are unknown.

3. Due to lack of experience in combined use with estrogen, simultaneous use is not recommended.

4. It is recommended that women whose dietary calcium intake is insufficient take calcium supplements and vitamin D.

5. Raloxifene has no effect on reducing vasodilation (hot flashes) and is not effective on other estrogen-related menopausal symptoms.

6. Raloxifene does not cause endometrial hyperplasia. Any uterine bleeding during treatment is unexpected and should be thoroughly examined by a specialist. The most common causes of uterine bleeding are endometrial atrophy and benign endometrial polyps. Over a 3-year period, benign endometrial polyps were reported in 0.7% of postmenopausal women treated with raloxifene and in 0.2% of women treated with placebo.

7. Raloxifene can increase the risk of venous thromboembolic events, which is similar to the risk associated with currently used hormone replacement therapy. The risk-benefit balance needs to be considered in patients who may have a venous thrombotic event from any cause. Raloxifene should be discontinued in some patients who require prolonged immobilization due to illness or other conditions. Discontinue the drug immediately or 3 days before immobilization if the above conditions occur. Raloxifene should not be started again until the above conditions are resolved or the patient is fully mobile.

8. Raloxifene is mainly metabolized in the liver. The plasma concentration of raloxifene in patients with cirrhosis and mild hepatic insufficiency is approximately 2.5 times higher than that in controls, and is related to total bilirubin levels. Until the safety and effectiveness of raloxifene in women with hepatic impairment have been further evaluated, the drug is not recommended for use in these patients. If serum total bilirubin, glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are found to increase during treatment, they should be monitored closely.

9. In patients with hypertriglyceridemia caused by oral estrogen, raloxifene may cause a further increase in serum triglyceride levels. Therefore, serum triglyceride levels should be monitored when raloxifene is used in patients with such a history.

10. There is insufficient research on the safety of raloxifene in breast cancer patients. There is currently no clinical data on the use of raloxifene alone or in combination in the treatment of early or advanced breast cancer. Therefore, raloxifene can only be used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis after the patient has completed treatment for her breast cancer, including adjuvant therapy. Because of the lack of experience with systemic estrogens, concurrent use is not recommended.

Note: The above information comes from the Internet and is compiled and edited by Medical Companion Travel (please correct me if there are any errors or omissions). It is only to provide information on the latest drugs on the market in the world and help Chinese patients understand the latest international new drug trends. It is only for internal discussion among medical staff and does not serve as any basis for medication. For specific medication guidelines, please consult the attending physician.

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