氯法齐明的功效及副作用是什么？

What is the function of clofazimine? Clofazimine is an iminophenazine anti-tuberculosis drug. Its mechanism of action is to compete with menadione (MK-4), a key cofactor in the electron transport chain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and is then reduced by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase. It is then re-oxidized by O2 to release active oxygen, thereby exerting a bactericidal effect. The MIC against the standard strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is 0.12-0.24 μg/ml, and the MIC against the drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is 0.12-1.92 μg/ml.

In vitro studies have shown that clofazimine has a synergistic effect with ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid, prothionamide, clarithromycin, capreomycin, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, fluoroquinolones and amikacin. The combination of clofazimine, moxifloxacin, and benzothiazolones also has a synergistic effect. In macrophage infection models and chronic mouse infection models, clofazimine also showed highly synergistic bactericidal activity with the anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug candidate TB47 (a new anti-tuberculosis drug that targets the QcrB protein in the electron transport chain to exert antibacterial effects).

What are the side effects of clofazimine? : Dry skin and ichthyosis-like changes, loss of appetite, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, skin itching, splenic infarction, intestinal obstruction, skin hypopigmentation, vomiting, skin redness and pigmentation, nausea, abdominal pain, Aspen syndrome, hepatitis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding. When patients use clofazimine, they must strictly follow the doctor's instructions and take the medication correctly to maximize the effect of clofazimine. During the medication period, patients must not increase or decrease the dose of the drug by themselves. Clofazimine will not improve the therapeutic effect just because the dose of the drug is increased, so do not use the drug blindly.

Note: The above information comes from the Internet and is compiled and edited by Medical Companion Travel (please correct me if there are any errors or omissions). It is only to provide information on the latest drugs on the market in the world and help Chinese patients understand the latest international new drug trends. It is only for internal discussion among medical staff and does not serve as any basis for medication. For specific medication guidelines, please consult the attending physician.